Another interesting aspect is the development of free variation in urban Hindi between pha फ and fa फ़. फ़ fa, ज़ za) is on the rise even among non-urban Hindi speakers. But the acquisition of some of these consonants (e.g. On the other hand, the usage of these dotted consonants has always been controversial and a matter of debate, since several language scholars oppose their use in Hindi, as many speakers of Hindi simply pronounce them with their nearest allophonic variant क़ > क qa > ka, ख़ > ख k͟ha > kha, ग़ > ग ġa > ga, फ़ > फ fa > pha & ज़ > ज za > ja. The committee also suggested that in words where it was important to show the distinction, the nuqta graphemes must be used e.g. In words where traditional spellings have replaced them with nearest allophonic variant (nativized), the nativized spelling should be retained e.g. The committee suggested that these graphemes should be used when & where required. Out of these 5, फ़ fa & ज़ za are the most commonly used in published literature, while the rest are less common.Īccording to government of India’s Language Standardization Committee for Hindi – report of 1966 & 2010, all 5 are included in the modified varṇamālā of Hindi. I use Microsoft Word 2004 for Mac.There are 5 graphemes which we know as Nuqta consonants in Hindi (written in Devanagari) – क़, ख़, ग़, फ़ & ज़ which are used for writing mainly borrowed words. Last night, I rooted out seven of them masquerading as one.īy the way, if you want to create that line, type a carriage return, three asterisks, and a carriage return.ĭifferent versions of Word may do this in different ways, but maybe you can figure out how to make the proper changes. So you have to repeat the whole process until they’re all gone. If there’s more than one dotted line, they stack on top of one another, but you only see one. The fiends at Microsoft designed in a defense against us. Click NONE (5) at the top of that column, then OK (6). See that little line of four dots? You have to kill that. Under SETTINGS (3), look at the bottom item: CUSTOM (4). Click FORMAT, then BORDERS AND SHADING, then BORDERS (1). Highlight the whole paragraph before the line, even if it’s just one carriage return. So you have to attack it in that paragraph. That line is the bottom border on the paragraph immediately above.
The only solution was to erase the whole passage that contained them, and type from scratch. I couldn’t highlight them, delete them, or overwrite them.
I never could get rid of these lines of small squares that reached from margin to margin.
I’ve finally figured out the most maddening problem in Microsoft Word.
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